2013年5月2日 星期四

idiosyncratic collage, Idiosyncrasy credit





The Lives They Lived
An annual, idiosyncratic collage of stories about people who died over the last year.

Idiosyncrasy credit[1] is a concept in social psychology that describes an individual’s capacity to acceptably deviate from group expectations. Idiosyncrasy credits are increased (earned) each time an individual conforms to a group's expectations, and decreased (spent) each time an individual deviates from a group's expectations. Edwin Hollander[2] originally defined idiosyncrasy credit as “an accumulation of positively disposed impressions residing in the perceptions of relevant others; it is… the degree to which an individual may deviate from the common expectancies of the group". Idiosyncrasy credits are but one of a number of concepts that attempt to explain how some minority views are influential, while others are not[3] (see Minority influence). Idiosyncrasy credits are also relevant to the study of leadership, as leaders with many credits are often afforded a greater ability to try innovative strategies to meet group goals.
所謂的性格信用(idiosyncrasy credit)是心理學家艾德溫.霍蘭德(Edwin Hollander)所提出的。其意是:和取得者相比,付出者擁有較大的運作空間,就算拒絕他人,也仍保有同事的尊敬。這是由於過去慷慨助人的紀錄,賦予他們所謂的「性格信用」,即使他們未按正規方式行事,也不會受到懲罰。有了性格信用,付出者得以自行針對協助他人的「如何」、「何時」、「誰」,設定各種限制。
謝謝 此概念是一有趣的想法. 上文名詞的翻譯不太理想 請參考
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiosyncrasy_credit


pronunciationidiosyncrasy
(ĭd'ē-ō-sĭng'krə-sē) pronunciation
n., pl., -sies.
  1. A structural or behavioral characteristic peculiar to an individual or group.
  2. A physiological or temperamental peculiarity.
  3. An unusual individual reaction to food or a drug.
[Greek idiosunkrāsiā : idio-, idio- + sunkrāsis, mixture, temperament (sun-, syn- + krāsis, a mixing).]
idiosyncratic id'i·o·syn·crat'ic (-sĭn-krăt'ĭk) adj.
idiosyncratically id'i·o·syn·crat'i·cal·ly adv.


Definition of idiosyncrasy

noun (plural idiosyncrasies)

  • 1a mode of behaviour or way of thought peculiar to an individual:one of his little idiosyncrasies was always preferring to be in the car first
  • a distinctive or peculiar feature or characteristic of a place or thing:the idiosyncrasies of the prison system
  • 2 Medicine an abnormal physical reaction by an individual to a food or drug.

Origin:

early 17th century (originally in the sense 'physical constitution peculiar to an individual'): from Greek idiosunkrasia, from idios 'own, private' + sun 'with' + krasis 'mixture'

音節
id • i • o • syn • cra • sy
発音
ìdiəsíŋkrəsi
idiosyncrasyの変化形
idiosyncrasies (複数形)
[名]
1 (個人の)特質, 特異性, 個性, 性癖;ある作者独特の表現法, 作風
Strict vegetarianism was Amy's idiosyncrasy.
エイミーの人と変わった点は極度の菜食主義者であることでした.
2 (個人特有の)体格, 体つき.
3 《医学》特異体質. ⇒ALLERGY 1

collage

Translate collage | into German | into Italian
Definition of collage

noun

  • a piece of art made by sticking various different materials such as photographs and pieces of paper or fabric on to a backing.
  • [mass noun] the art of making collages.
  • a collection or combination of various things:a collage of musical genres

Derivatives

collagist

noun

Origin:

early 20th century: from French, literally 'gluing'



collage

 
音節
col • lage
発音
kəlɑ'ːʒ
レベル
社会人必須
collageの変化形
collages (複数形) • collages (三人称単数現在)
[名]《美術》コラージュ.
1 [U]無関係なものを組み合わせて芸術化する画法の一種.
2 1の画法による作品.
3 さまざまな物の寄せ集め.
━━[動](他)…をコラージュ形式で構成する.
[フランス語←ギリシャ語kólla(にかわ)+-AGE=くっつけること]
col・lág・ist
[名]

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