glacier, A glacier's pace, doomed, lugubrious, harbinger of doom, calving

錯字：glacier's "pace" 寫成"PLACE"。

The Economist
Europe has well-funded health systems, researchers and manufacturing facilities. So why is the continent dawdling on vaccines?



ECONOMIST.COM
Covid-19 vaccination in Europe is moving at a glacial place
It risks extending the pandemic for months




There are plenty of books about the climate crisis, but “On Time and Water” is unique and compelling


ECONOMIST.COM
A haunting meditation on climate change in Iceland
A glacier's pace

Glacier Calving Causes Huge Shooters

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QWNAPh-MwTc

to have peace, lugubrious peace.

……密瓦德望著那些倒楣小山頂一帶閃爍著的可怕光忙，終於明白了那是什麼聲音。

冰河已再度來臨，…….

As he saw that deadly glitter along the crest of the doomed hills, Millward at last understand the sound.
Out of the north, their ancient home, returning to triumph to the lands they had once possessed, the glaciers had com again.
---- THE FORGOTTEN ENEMY by Arthur C. Clarke,

《讀者文摘‧遺忘了的敵人》1990年3月號，頁146-52

翻譯討論: doomed hills 翻譯成"倒楣小山頂"可能太有點人味--它是"注定被毀的"......
懸疑小說原文將主角冰河在末段的末尾亮相
翻譯則一開始就.....

glacial

Pronunciation: /ˈgleɪsɪəl, -ʃ(ə)l/

Definition of glacial

adjective

• 1relating to or denoting the presence or agency of ice, especially in the form of glaciers:thick glacial deposits a glacial lake
• very cold; icy:glacial temperatures figurativehis glacial blue eyes
• extremely slow (like the movement of a glacier):an official described progress in the talks as glacial

• 2 Chemistry denoting pure organic acids (especially acetic acid) which form ice-like crystals on freezing.

noun

Geology

• a glacial period.

Derivatives

glacially

adverb

Origin: mid 17th century: from French, or from Latin glacialis 'icy', from glacies 'ice'

moraine (muh-RAYN)

noun: An accumulation of boulders, gravel, or other debris carried and deposited by a glacier.

Etymology
From French moraine, from Savoy dialect morena (mound).

Usage
"Professor Shulmeister's team believes a large landslide dumped a huge volume of rock on top of the glacier, causing it to advance and, when the advance stopped, the moraine was created." — Angela Gregory; Glacial Find Pours Cold Water on World Theory; The New Zealand Herald (Auckland); Jun 30, 2008.

Definition of calve

verb

• 1 [no object] (of cows and certain other large animals) give birth to a calf: Galloway cows have wide pelvises and calve easily (as noun calving)calving takes place in the spring
• [with object] (of a person) help (a cow) give birth to a calf: people often used to come for him to help calve their cows

• 2 [with object] (of an iceberg or glacier) split and shed (a smaller mass of ice): glaciers were calving icebergs directly into the sea
• [no object] (of a mass of ice) split off from an iceberg or glacier: ice calved off a glacier with a loud explosive crumble

Origin:

Old English calfian, from cælf 'calf'

Definition of doomed

adjective

likely to have an unfortunate and inescapable outcome; ill-fated:the moving story of their doomed love affair

 doom,

 [名]

1 [U][C]運命；凶運, 悲運；破滅, 滅亡, 死

an evil ［a cruel］ doom
不吉な［残酷な］運命

a sign of doom and decay
破滅のきざし

meet ［go to, fall to］ one's doom
死ぬ, 滅びる.

2 [U][C]((古))判決, （罪の）宣告.

3 最後の審判(the Last Judgment)

the day of doom
最後の審判の日（⇒DOOMSDAY 1）.

━━[動](他)

1 〈人・事を〉（…するように）運命づける((to ..., to do))

be doomed
消える運命にある

doomed love
悲恋

He is doomed to failure ［to fail］.
失敗するように生まれついている.

2 〈人に〉（…の）判決を下す, （刑罰の）宣告をする((to ...))

doom a person to life imprisonment
人に終身［禁固］刑を宣告する.

doom and gloom/gloom and doom

((略式))希望のない状態, 暗い見通し.

lugubrious
(lʊ-gū'brē-əs, -gyū'-)
adj.
Mournful, dismal, or gloomy, especially to an exaggerated or ludicrous degree.

[From Latin lūgubris, from lūgēre, to mourn.]

lugubriously lu·gu'bri·ous·ly adv.
lugubriousness lu·gu'bri·ous·ness n.

• [lugjúːbriəs]

[形]((文・おどけて))（わざとらしく）悲しげな, 哀れをそそる, ふさぎ込んだ.


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Harbinger of doom

Meaning
A sign, warning of bad things to come.
Origin
We now use 'harbinger' in a metaphorical sense, meaning 'forerunner; announcer'. With that meaning, almost anything can be harbingered (the word has been used as a verb as well as a noun since the 17th century, although that usage is now rare). We sometimes hear of 'harbingers of Spring', or 'harbingers of day', but it is the 'harbingers of doom' that are by far the busiest in our present-day language.
The original meaning of harbinger was quite specific and had nothing to do with any of the above. In the 12th century, a harbinger was a lodging-house keeper. The word derives from 'harbourer' or, as they spelled it then, 'herberer' or 'herberger' , i.e. one who harbours people for the night. 'Herberer' derives from the French word for 'inn' - 'auberge'. 'Ye herbergers' are referred to (as common lodging-house keepers) in the Old English text The Lambeth Homilies, circa 1175.
By the 13th century, 'harbinger' had migrated from its original meaning of lodging keeper, to refer to a scout who went ahead of a military force or royal court to book lodgings for the oncoming hoard. This is the source of the 'advance messenger' meaning that we understand now. Geoffrey Chaucer was the first to record this meaning of 'harbinger', in The Man of Law's Tale, circa 1386:

The fame anon thurgh toun is born
How Alla kyng shal comen on pilgrymage,
By herbergeours that wenten hym biforn
[The news through all the town was carried,
How King Alla would come on pilgrimage,
By harbingers that went before him]

It was some centuries until the figurative usage, when people began to speak of the harbinger of things other than approaching royalty or house guests. The first usage was of our old friend 'doom', or as the Edinburgh Advertiser had it in September 1772, 'ruin':

"The spirit of migration [from Scotland] is the infant harbinger of devoted ruin."

It is rather appropriate to find that early usage coming from Scotland. The character of Private Frazer, in Dad's Army, a well-known (in the UK at least) BBC television series, was based on the perceived gloomy attitude of his race. John Laurie, who played the lugubrious Frazer, was the archetypal stage Scotsman and the show's line "We're all doomed, doomed I tell ye" became something of a catchphrase for him.
Those pessimistic harbingers of doom who first decided that 'the end of the world is nigh' lived in the 19th century. The earliest printed example of that phrase that I have found is from James Emerson Tennent's Letters from the Aegean, 1829:

"Achmet, our janissary, calculating from the decay of their empire and the daily fulfilment of the predictions of Mahomet with regard to the final resurrection, have come to a conclusion that the end of the world is nigh at hand."

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