2022年4月9日 星期六

revolt, self-fulfilling, head off, mis-sold, echelon

In Moscow, the upper echelons of the FSB, Russia’s security service, seem to be in turmoil
許多時候,一個國家、一座城市、一個時代,不一定會爆發 #戰爭,只要在戰爭和平之間的灰色地帶充斥大量不可知的烏雲,經濟會先行崩潰。經濟一旦崩潰,#政治危機 惡化,那時候本來早能避免的戰爭,也必定陰差陽錯地會爆發,這就是英文所說的 self-fulfilling prophecy。



Critics complained the bank had excluded the costs of a multibillion-dollar legal settlement for mis-sold mortgage-backed securities before the financial crisis when determining executive pay.




Goldman Sachs is facing an investor revolt
The bank is just is the latest.

ON.FT.COM

head off antigovernment revolts,

Working paper: Accounting for Crises
Download the PDF. This paper shows empirically that currency investors are more likely to get spooked unnecessarily when they have too much information. This finding accords well with global games models, which argue that self-fulfilling panics—i.e., panics unrelated to fundamentals—are more likely to occur when the quality of public information available to investors is very high.

Spooked by Unrest, China Tracks Media

The intimidation of reporters a sign of the authorities’ resolve to head off antigovernment revolts. Above, foreign journalists were detained in Shanghai on Sunday.
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/07/world/asia/07china.html?hp


echelon
/ˈɛʃəlɒn,ˈeɪʃəlɒn/
noun
  1. 1.
    a level or rank in an organization, a profession, or society.
    "the upper echelons of the business world"
    Similar:
    level
    rank
    grade
    step
    rung
    tier
    stratum
    plane
    position
    order
    division
    sector
  2. 2.
    MILITARY
    a formation of troops, ships, aircraft, or vehicles in parallel rows with the end of each row projecting further than the one in front.
    "the regiment lined up shoulder to shoulder in three tight echelons"
verb
MILITARY
  1. arrange in an echelon formation.
    "the Task Force would take the left, echeloned to be able to sweep in from the west"





head off

Block the progress or completion of; also, intercept. For example, They worked round the clock to head off the flu epidemic, or Try to head him off before he gets home. [First half of 1800s] This expression gave rise to head someone off at the pass, which in Western films meant "to block someone at a mountain pass." It then became a general colloquialism for intercepting someone, as in Jim is going to the boss's office--let's head him off at the pass.


...the investor spooked.


spook 

(spūk) pronunciation
n.
  1. Informal. A ghost; a specter.
  2. Slang. A secret agent; a spy.
  3. Offensive Slang. Used as a disparaging term for a Black person.

v. Informal, spooked, spook·ing, spooks. v.tr.
  1. To haunt.
  2. To startle and cause nervous activity in; frighten: The news spooked investors, and stock prices fell.
v.intr.
To become frightened and nervous.

[Dutch, from Middle Dutch spooc.]



revolt 

Pronunciation: /rɪˈvəʊlt/ 

VERB

1[NO OBJECT] Take violent action against an established government or ruler; rebel:the Iceni revolted and had to be suppressed
1.1Refuse to acknowledge someone or something as having authority:voters may revolt when they realize the cost of the measures
1.2(as adjective revoltedarchaic Having rebelled:the emperor was leading an expedition against the revolted Bretons
2[WITH OBJECT] Cause to feel disgust:he was revolted by the stench that greeted him
2.1[NO OBJECT] archaic Feel disgust:'tis just the main assumption reason most revolts at

NOUN

1An attempt to end the authority of a person or body by rebelling:a country-wide revolt against the government[MASS NOUN]: the peasants rose in revolt
1.1A refusal to continue to obey or conform:a revolt over tax increases

Origin

Mid 16th century: from French révolte (noun), révolter (verb), from Italian rivoltare, based on Latin revolvere 'roll back' (see revolve).

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