封鎖(lockdown)獲選柯林斯辭典年度詞彙。柯林斯詞典表示，選中封鎖一詞是因為這是全球數十億人今年的共同體驗。其他入圍詞彙包括冠狀病毒(coronavirus)、自我隔離(self-isolate)和無薪假(furlough)。
Furloughs were common in Europe during the financial crisis of 2007-09, but they were barely used in America. This crisis could be different
ECONOMIST.COM
The response of American firms to the jobs crisis is taking an unfamiliar route Should American job cullers become more European during the current crisis?
Civilians working at American bases across South Korea will stay at home, unpaid
ECONOMIST.COM
A military furlough tests an alliance that was already strained
US President Trump serves fast food in the State Dining Room of the White House at a ceremony honoring the Clemson Tigers, College Football Playoffs National Champions.
The White House chefs are furloughed due to the government shutdown, Trump told the team.
During furloughs in the United States, he acquired a master's degree from Princeton University in 1938, followed by a doctorate from Princeton in 1948.
Photo: On a street in Washington, D.C., Matthew Giamo of Alexandria, Va., held up a sign seeking work. He lost his contract job with the Department of Health and Human Services last year, and his wife is now furloughed from her federal job.
Photos from Israel, Pakistan, South Korea and China in Pictures of the Day: http://nyti.ms/1go8adL
Photograph by Alex Wong/ Getty Images
During his second furlough, which closed when he sailed from Vancouver on October 16, 1895, Dr. MacKay was elected moderator of the General Assembly of his church, and visited many points throughout the Dominion, in the United States, and in Scotland, addressing congregations and conventions. Everywhere and on all occasions the impression made was that of a great man and a hero. The demand for a fuller record of his life and work became increasingly virgent. Friends who knew that his information about Formosa was more extensive and more reliable than that of any other living man, and who believed that an account of his experiences and work would stimulate the faith and zeal of the church, but who feared lest, amid the uncertainties and perils to which his life is constantly exposed, his career should be cut short before any record that might be given to the public had been prepared, impressed upon him the duly of meeting this reasonable demand. To a man of his ardent temperament and active habits prolonged literary work is the most irksome drudgery. He would rather face a heathen mob than write a chapter for a book. But convinced of its importance, he undertook the task, receiving valuable assistance from the Rev. W. S. McTavish, B.D. For weeks together he did little else than ransack note-books and journals, and explore the stores of his capacious memory.
Workers Face Pay Cuts, Not Furloughs
By STEVEN GREENHOUSE
Local and state governments, as well as some companies, are resorting to wage reductions, often to avoid layoffs. Above, a strike at a Mott’s plant over pay cuts.
furlough, cubicle On a Furlough, but Never Leaving the Cubicle
By SUSAN SAULNY and ROBBIE BROWN
Plans to turn unpaid days into modest holidays have given way to a different reality as some employees work quietly — and sometimes openly — through furloughs.
To Save Money, States Turn to Furloughs
By KATHARINE Q. SEELYE
At least 15 states are in various stages of considering or implementing furloughs.
United Will Furlough About 950 Pilots
United intends to furlough about 950 of its 6,500 pilots by the end of 2009 as a result of plans to reduce the fleet.
The Los Angeles Times leads with a look at how many firms are opting for broad-based salary cuts and mandatory furloughs rather than layoffs to stay afloat, hoping to get out of the gate quickly as the economy recovers.
目前我有一個短語不明就是「get out of the gate」，能麻煩賜教麼？--用心閣 07:53 2005年1月31日 (UTC)
- 不是條目中的。如下：
如此說來，應該翻譯成「起步」，原意指賽馬會開始比賽時，參賽馬匹出閘 --金翅大鵬鳥
2009
W. Edwards Deming once said, “Change is not necessary. Survival is not mandatory.”
The Los Angeles Times leads with a look at how many firms are opting for broad-based salary cuts and mandatory furloughs rather than layoffs to stay afloat, hoping to get out of the gate quickly as the economy recovers.
A loss by Mr. Ma, which campaign analysts say is unlikely but now possible, would be a major setback for China’s leaders. They have cultivated the Nationalists in recent years to undermine Taiwan’s current pro-independence president, Chen Shui-bian, and reduce the chances that his Democratic Progressive Party will hold the presidency after Mr. Chen’s mandatory retirement.
likely
adjective
describes something that will probably happen or is expected:
Do remind me because I'm likely to forget.
What's the likely outcome of this whole business?
I suppose that might happen but it's not very likely.
[+ that] It's quite likely that we'll be in Spain this time next year.
INFORMAL "Do you want to join me on a ten-mile run?" "Not likely (= certainly not)!"
NOTE: The opposite is unlikely.unlikely
adjective
not likely:
[+ (that)] It's pretty unlikely (that) they'll turn up now - it's nearly ten o'clock.
He seems an unlikely-looking policeman (= He is not what I expect a policeman to look like).
possible
adjective [+ (that)]
that might or might not happen:
It's possible (that) Mira might turn up tonight.
"Do you think he'll end up in prison?" "It's very possible."
That's one possible solution to the problem.
Compare probable.
mandatory adjective FORMAL
describes something which must be done, or which is demanded by law:
The minister is calling for mandatory prison sentences for people who assault police officers.
Athletes must undergo a mandatory drugs test before competing in the championship.
In 1991, the British government made it mandatory to wear rear seat belts in cars.
man・da・to・ry
furlough
noun [C] US
a period of time that a worker or a soldier is allowed to be absent, especially to return temporarily to their own town or country
furlough
verb [T] US
to allow or force someone to be absent temporarily from work:
After safety concerns, the company furloughed all 4000 of it's employees.
fur·lough (fûr'lō)
n.- A leave of absence or vacation, especially one granted to a member of the armed forces.
- A usually temporary layoff from work.
- A leave of absence from prison granted to a prisoner.
- The papers or documents authorizing a leave: The soldiers had their furloughs in their breast pockets.
- To grant a leave to.
- To lay off (workers).
[Alteration of vorloffe, furlogh, from Dutch verlof, from Middle Dutch.]
furlough[fur・lough]
- 発音記号[fə'ːrlou][名][U][C]
2 一時解雇, レイオフ(layoff).
━━[動](他)
1 …に賜暇［休暇］を与える.
2 〈労働者を〉一時解雇する.
［オランダ語verlof「許可」. △FOR, LEAVE2. -ghは古くはenoughなどと同じく 〔f〕 と発音したが, のちに消えた］
━━ n., vt. 休暇［賜暇(しか)］（を与える）.
on furlough 休暇中で.
furlough slip 一時解雇通知.moderator[mod・er・a・tor]
- 発音記号[mɑ'dərèitər | mɔ'd-][名]
1 仲裁者, 調停者.
3 （立法府の会議・公開討論会などの）議長；（クイズ番組や討論会などの）司会者.
4 ((英))（Oxford大学の）第一次学士試験の試験官.
5 《物理学》モデレーター, 減速材［体］.
6 （プロテスタントで）長老派教会会議議長.
mod・er・a・tor・shìp
[名]dominion[do・min・ion]
- 発音記号[dəmínjən][名]
1 [U]((文))支配権［力］, 統治権, 主権
2 [U][C]((文))支配, 統治.
4 ((the D-))（もと英連邦内の）自治領.
5 ((〜s))《神学》＝domination 2.ransack[ran・sack]
- 発音記号[rǽnsæk][動](他)
2 〈土地などを〉略奪のためにくまなく捜す, （…を求めて）荒し回る((for ...)).
ran・sack・er
[名]capacious[ca・pa・cious]
- 発音記号[kəpéiʃəs][形]
ca・pa・cious・ly
[副]
ca・pa・cious・ness
[名]
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